تعريفات من منهج اللغة الانجليزية في منهج اليمن للقسم الادبي والعلمي

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم اليكم ايها الطلاب تعريفات من منهج اللغة الانجليزية في منهج اليمن للقسم الادبي والعلمي :

أ) التعريفات :

1. A valley (وادي ) is a place between two hills .
2. A desert ( صحراء ) is a place where nothing or very little grows .
3. A peak ( قمة ) is the highest part of a mountain .
4. A plough ( ( محراث is a tool which is used for turning the soil over .
5. Rama is a cross between a male camel and a female Llama .
6. Synonyms are words with the same meaning .
7. Antonyms are words with the opposite meaning .
8. A forest ( غابة ) is a very large wood . 
9. A drought ( جفاف ) is a shortage of water after a long period with no rain .
10. A flood ( فيضان ) is deep water over normally dry land .
11. A flash flood ( سيل ) is very quick deep water in a wadi in the mountains .
12. An epidemic ( وباء ) is an illness that spreads quickly and effects many people .
13. A volcano ( بركان ) is a mountain with a hole in the top .
14. A volcanic eruption ( ثورة بركان ) is the explosion of molten rocks .
15. A famine (مجاعة ) is a shortage of food .
16. A hurricane is a powerful storm with strong winds .
17. The crust ( قشرة الأرض ) is the hard rock surface of the earth .
18. A fault line (خط الزلزال ) is the place where two plates meet causing an earthquake .
19. An earthquake (الزلزال) is the shaking of the earth `s surface .
20. plates ( الصفائح ) are sections ( طبقات) into which the earth crust is divided .
21. Richter scale is an instrument which is used for measuring the strength of an earthquake .
22. A career advisor is a person who gives advice .
23. A school leaver is a person who is about to leave school . ( a person in the last year at school ).
24. A tourist guide is a person who guides tourists .
25. A taxi driver is a person who drives taxis .
26. An application is a person who applies for a job .
27. A suffix is a group of letters that is added to the end of a word .
28. A prefix is a group of letters that goes in front of a word .
29. The stem ( جذر الكلمة ) is the part of a word that is common to all forms of that word .
30. A word set ( مجموعة كلمات ) is a group of connected words .
31. A mystery is something which is impossible to explain .
32. A nurse is a woman who looks after ( ترعي ) patients .
33. A disaster (كارثة) is an event (حدث) that causes great damage .
34. A plantation (مزرعة) is a land planted with trees or a crop .
35. Landslide (انجراف التربة ) is the earth slipping down a mountain .
36. A nightmare (كابوس) is a frightening dream .
37. The environment (البيئة) is the world around us .
38. An ambulance (سيارة إسعاف) is a car used in hospitals to carry people with bad injuries.
39. A wrist (معصم) is a part of the body just above the hand .
40. Pulse (نبض) is the beating of the blood through the body .
41. A safety worker (رجل الأمن ) is a person who makes sure that factories and other places of work are not dangerous 
42. Personal details ( البيانات الشخصية ) are information about a person .
43. An examination room (غرفة الفحص ) is a private (خاص) place where a doctor examines patients .
44. A casualty unit ( قسم الطوارئ ) is a place where bad injuries are treated .

تعريفات خاصة بالقسم الادبي:

1. A proverb (مثل) is a sentence that expresses a truth or a moral (أخلاقي)lesson 
2. Idioms (الاصطلاحات اللغوية) are words which the general meaning is different from the meanings of the words used . 
3. The plot (الحبكة ) is the story of the play . 
4. A tragedy ( دراما مأساوية ) is a play with sad events or sad end . 
5. A comedy (دراما ساخرة) is a play with events full of fun . 
6. A critic is a person who makes judgments about the arts . 
7. Calligraphy is the art of fine handwriting . 
8. The Bermuda triangle is a place in the Atlantic ocean where many ships and planes disappeared.

تعريفات خاصة بالقسم العلمي : 

1. An acid is a substance that reacts with bases to produce salts . 
2. A base is a substance that reacts with acids to produce salts . 
3. Alkalis are bases that dissolve in water . 
4. Litmus is a vegetable dye that is used to test the acidity of solutions . 
5. PH scale is a tool that is used to measure the strength of an acid or alkali . 
6. Acid rain is a kind of rain caused by reaction between the gases released from burning oil or coal and water in the atmosphere . 
7. Matter is any material , which is found in our universe . 
8. A solid is a state of matter in which the particles are fixed and close together . 
9. A liquid is a state of matter in which the particles are not fixed and are further apart. 
10. A gas is a state of matter in which the particles are not fixed and are further apart . 
11. Light is a form of energy . 
12. Lenses are specially – shaped pieces of glass that refract light exactly . 
13. A convex lens is a lens which is thicker in the middle than at the edges and can make objects look larger . 
14. A concave lens is a lens which is thinner in the middle than at the edges and can make objects look smaller . 
15. Angle of incidence ( زاوية السقوط) is the angle at which light hits a surface 
16. Angle of reflection (زاوية الانعكاس) is the angle at which light is reflected . 
17. Refraction (انكسار الضوء) is the bending of light waves when they pass from one transparent medium to another . 
18. Sound is waves created by something vibrating . 
19. Hertz is the number of sound waves per second . 
20. Ultrasonic sound is frequencies higher than those that can be heard by people . 
21. Decibel (db) is a unit used for measuring the volume of sound . 
22. Vaccination is giving a very weak form of a disease to prevent a disease . 
23. Aids is one of the most feared diseases in history . 
24. Smallpox is a disease that is found in humans . 
25. Cowpox is a disease that is found in cattle . 
26. A solar eclipse is the disappearance of the sun during daylight . 
27. A lunar eclipse is the disappearance of the moon . 
28. Gibbous ( المحاق) is one of the phases of the moon . 
29. Radioactivity is the changes that take place in the nucleus , or centre of certain materials . 
30. A nuclear reactor (المفاعل النووي ) is a machine that is used to generate electricity . 
31. Nuclear fission ( الانشطاري النووي ) is a radioactive process by which electricity is generated .

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